APRS
is an interesting system, a network for wireless transmission of data
packets to the Internet. It’s global, free, and low latency. APRS is
often used to provide
location tracking
of vehicles but can route any short text message. It’s a great
example of amateur radio hackers meeting Internet hackers and echoes
other much loved networks like Fidonet or Usenet.
APRS lets you send short messages from a handheld radio to the Internet
through the simple expedient of broadcast and repeat. A user broadcasts
a new APRS message on a VHF band. Nearby fixed
stations (“digipeaters”) hear the message and rebroadcast it to other
nearby digipeaters, so the message floods the digipeater network (within
path and hopcount limits). Eventually an APRS iGate hears the message
and forwards it into the Internet where it is published to the world
as part of a single, global APRS message stream. Not very efficient, but
reliable and well suited to short messages.
What is APRS used for? A big application is location tracking, with
radios beaconing out location and speed every few seconds. Here’s a friend’s
training flight. Location packets are a big part of the APRS spec,
but there’s also arbitrary text and email and SMS-like applications. aprs.fi gives a good map-based view into APRS
activity, and here’s
what The Matrix really looks like.
So what’s the drawback to APRS? It’s amateur radio, which means strictly
non-commercial and you need a license to use it (10 hours of study). Private
data is not supported. And
it’s all hackerware, some assembly required, although recent radios like
the Kenwood
D72 are pretty turn-key.
The real limit to APRS is that it’s the sort of gentle hacker network
that’s maintained by love. I suspect it wouldn’t handle the strain of
100x as many users or commercialization. The broadcast design makes for
limited throughput and the community process probably wouldn’t handle
business interests well. Sort of analagous to the pre-1993 Internet.
Nothing wrong with that, but I suspect we’ll never see APRS-based
location tracking for the mass market.
I’ve never actually used APRS, just read about it. Many
thanks to
Adam
for teaching me a lot of this